網路原理(一) Section 6.3

Power-on-self-test POST
After the POST, the bootstrap program is copied from ROM into RAM.

RAM
隨機存取記憶體，也叫主記憶體，是與CPU直接交換資料的記憶體。

ROM
唯讀記憶體（Read-Only Memory，ROM）是一種半導體記憶體，其特性是一旦儲存資料就無法再將之改變或刪除，且內容不會因為電源關閉而消失。

NVRAM
This is non-volatile memory is used as the permanent storage for the startup configuration file (startup-config).

Flash
This non-volatile computer memory used as permanent storage for the IOS and other system related files such as log files, voice configuration files, HTML files, backup configurations, and more.

Synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM)
Cisco routers use a fast type of RAM called synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM). 


WIC
A serial WAN interface card (WIC) consisting of two interfaces - Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) and Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)

high-speed WIC (HWIC)
1 Cisco Series 1941 Router with one HWIC-4ESW switching port modular card and IOS version 15.1 or higher

ROMMON
Rommon mode - Cisco 系統異常. 一般Cisco Router出廠預設configuration register 是0x2102.

Advanced Integration Module (AIM)
The figure also includes images of other components found in a router, such as the power supply, cooling fan, heat shields, and an advanced integration module (AIM), which are beyond the scope of this chapter.

Enhanced high-speed WAN interface card (eHWIC)
The EHWIC provides Gigabit Ethernet connectivity but will not support line rate since throughput is limited by the platforms. 

Serial module
串行模塊

Ethernet interfaces
乙太介面

Auxiliary (AUX) RJ-45 port
另外 Router 通常還有一個用來接數據機的 RS-232 介面，這個介面叫 AUX Port

In-band router interfaces
Inband interfaces receive and forward IP packets.

Console
This is a physical management port that provides out-of-band access to a Cisco device. 

Out-of-band
在電腦領域，帶外管理（Out-of-band management）是指使用獨立管理通道進行裝置維護。

Secure Shell (SSH)
Secure Shell是一種加密的網路傳輸協定，可在不安全的網路中為網路服務提供安全的傳輸環境。

Telnet
Telnet協定是一種應用層協定，使用於網際網路及區域網中，使用虛擬終端機的形式，提供雙向、以文字字串為主的命令列介面互動功能。

startup-config ; running-config
cisco設備的設定

bootstrap program
開機程序

Trivial File Transport Protocol (TFTP)
簡單檔案傳輸協定也稱小型檔案傳輸協定（Trivial File Transfer Protocol, TFTP），是一種於1981年在RFC 783中定義的簡化的檔案傳輸協定（FTP）。

setup mode
安裝模式

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